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401 lines
17 KiB
401 lines
17 KiB
Package validator
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================
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<img align="right" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/go-playground/validator/v9/logo.png">
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[](https://gitter.im/go-playground/validator?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
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[](https://semaphoreci.com/joeybloggs/validator)
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[](https://coveralls.io/github/go-playground/validator?branch=v9)
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[](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/go-playground/validator)
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[](https://godoc.org/gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9)
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Package validator implements value validations for structs and individual fields based on tags.
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It has the following **unique** features:
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- Cross Field and Cross Struct validations by using validation tags or custom validators.
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- Slice, Array and Map diving, which allows any or all levels of a multidimensional field to be validated.
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- Handles type interface by determining it's underlying type prior to validation.
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- Handles custom field types such as sql driver Valuer see [Valuer](https://golang.org/src/database/sql/driver/types.go?s=1210:1293#L29)
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- Alias validation tags, which allows for mapping of several validations to a single tag for easier defining of validations on structs
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- Extraction of custom defined Field Name e.g. can specify to extract the JSON name while validating and have it available in the resulting FieldError
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- Default validator for the [gin](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin) web framework; upgrading from v8 to v9 in gin see [here](https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v9/examples/gin-upgrading-overriding)
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Installation
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------------
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Use go get.
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go get gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9
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Then import the validator package into your own code.
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import "gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9"
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Error Return Value
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-------
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Validation functions return type error
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They return type error to avoid the issue discussed in the following, where err is always != nil:
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* http://stackoverflow.com/a/29138676/3158232
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* https://github.com/go-playground/validator/issues/134
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Validator only InvalidValidationError for bad validation input, nil or ValidationErrors as type error; so, in your code all you need to do is check if the error returned is not nil, and if it's not check if error is InvalidValidationError ( if necessary, most of the time it isn't ) type cast it to type ValidationErrors like so:
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```go
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err := validate.Struct(mystruct)
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validationErrors := err.(validator.ValidationErrors)
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```
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Usage and documentation
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------
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Please see http://godoc.org/gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9 for detailed usage docs.
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##### Examples:
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Struct & Field validation
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9"
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)
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// User contains user information
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type User struct {
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FirstName string `validate:"required"`
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LastName string `validate:"required"`
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Age uint8 `validate:"gte=0,lte=130"`
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Email string `validate:"required,email"`
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FavouriteColor string `validate:"iscolor"` // alias for 'hexcolor|rgb|rgba|hsl|hsla'
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Addresses []*Address `validate:"required,dive,required"` // a person can have a home and cottage...
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}
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// Address houses a users address information
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type Address struct {
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Street string `validate:"required"`
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City string `validate:"required"`
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Planet string `validate:"required"`
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Phone string `validate:"required"`
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}
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// use a single instance of Validate, it caches struct info
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var validate *validator.Validate
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func main() {
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validate = validator.New()
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validateStruct()
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validateVariable()
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}
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func validateStruct() {
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address := &Address{
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Street: "Eavesdown Docks",
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Planet: "Persphone",
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Phone: "none",
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}
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user := &User{
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FirstName: "Badger",
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LastName: "Smith",
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Age: 135,
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Email: "Badger.Smith@gmail.com",
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FavouriteColor: "#000-",
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Addresses: []*Address{address},
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}
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// returns nil or ValidationErrors ( map[string]*FieldError )
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err := validate.Struct(user)
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if err != nil {
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// this check is only needed when your code could produce
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// an invalid value for validation such as interface with nil
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// value most including myself do not usually have code like this.
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if _, ok := err.(*validator.InvalidValidationError); ok {
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fmt.Println(err)
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return
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}
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for _, err := range err.(validator.ValidationErrors) {
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fmt.Println(err.Namespace())
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fmt.Println(err.Field())
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fmt.Println(err.StructNamespace()) // can differ when a custom TagNameFunc is registered or
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fmt.Println(err.StructField()) // by passing alt name to ReportError like below
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fmt.Println(err.Tag())
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fmt.Println(err.ActualTag())
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fmt.Println(err.Kind())
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fmt.Println(err.Type())
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fmt.Println(err.Value())
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fmt.Println(err.Param())
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fmt.Println()
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}
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// from here you can create your own error messages in whatever language you wish
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return
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}
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// save user to database
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}
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func validateVariable() {
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myEmail := "joeybloggs.gmail.com"
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errs := validate.Var(myEmail, "required,email")
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if errs != nil {
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fmt.Println(errs) // output: Key: "" Error:Field validation for "" failed on the "email" tag
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return
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}
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// email ok, move on
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}
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```
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Custom Field Type
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"database/sql"
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"database/sql/driver"
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"fmt"
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"reflect"
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"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9"
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)
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// DbBackedUser User struct
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type DbBackedUser struct {
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Name sql.NullString `validate:"required"`
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Age sql.NullInt64 `validate:"required"`
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}
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// use a single instance of Validate, it caches struct info
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var validate *validator.Validate
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func main() {
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validate = validator.New()
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// register all sql.Null* types to use the ValidateValuer CustomTypeFunc
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validate.RegisterCustomTypeFunc(ValidateValuer, sql.NullString{}, sql.NullInt64{}, sql.NullBool{}, sql.NullFloat64{})
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// build object for validation
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x := DbBackedUser{Name: sql.NullString{String: "", Valid: true}, Age: sql.NullInt64{Int64: 0, Valid: false}}
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err := validate.Struct(x)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("Err(s):\n%+v\n", err)
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}
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}
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// ValidateValuer implements validator.CustomTypeFunc
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func ValidateValuer(field reflect.Value) interface{} {
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if valuer, ok := field.Interface().(driver.Valuer); ok {
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val, err := valuer.Value()
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if err == nil {
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return val
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}
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// handle the error how you want
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}
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return nil
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}
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```
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Struct Level Validation
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```go
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package main
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import (
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"fmt"
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"gopkg.in/go-playground/validator.v9"
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)
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// User contains user information
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type User struct {
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FirstName string `json:"fname"`
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LastName string `json:"lname"`
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Age uint8 `validate:"gte=0,lte=130"`
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Email string `validate:"required,email"`
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FavouriteColor string `validate:"hexcolor|rgb|rgba"`
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Addresses []*Address `validate:"required,dive,required"` // a person can have a home and cottage...
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}
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// Address houses a users address information
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type Address struct {
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Street string `validate:"required"`
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City string `validate:"required"`
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Planet string `validate:"required"`
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Phone string `validate:"required"`
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}
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// use a single instance of Validate, it caches struct info
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var validate *validator.Validate
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func main() {
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validate = validator.New()
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// register validation for 'User'
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// NOTE: only have to register a non-pointer type for 'User', validator
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// interanlly dereferences during it's type checks.
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validate.RegisterStructValidation(UserStructLevelValidation, User{})
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// build 'User' info, normally posted data etc...
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address := &Address{
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Street: "Eavesdown Docks",
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Planet: "Persphone",
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Phone: "none",
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City: "Unknown",
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}
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user := &User{
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FirstName: "",
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LastName: "",
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Age: 45,
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Email: "Badger.Smith@gmail.com",
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FavouriteColor: "#000",
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Addresses: []*Address{address},
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}
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// returns InvalidValidationError for bad validation input, nil or ValidationErrors ( []FieldError )
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err := validate.Struct(user)
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if err != nil {
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// this check is only needed when your code could produce
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// an invalid value for validation such as interface with nil
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// value most including myself do not usually have code like this.
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if _, ok := err.(*validator.InvalidValidationError); ok {
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fmt.Println(err)
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return
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}
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for _, err := range err.(validator.ValidationErrors) {
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fmt.Println(err.Namespace())
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fmt.Println(err.Field())
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fmt.Println(err.StructNamespace()) // can differ when a custom TagNameFunc is registered or
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fmt.Println(err.StructField()) // by passing alt name to ReportError like below
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fmt.Println(err.Tag())
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fmt.Println(err.ActualTag())
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fmt.Println(err.Kind())
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fmt.Println(err.Type())
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fmt.Println(err.Value())
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fmt.Println(err.Param())
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fmt.Println()
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}
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// from here you can create your own error messages in whatever language you wish
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return
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}
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// save user to database
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}
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// UserStructLevelValidation contains custom struct level validations that don't always
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// make sense at the field validation level. For Example this function validates that either
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// FirstName or LastName exist; could have done that with a custom field validation but then
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// would have had to add it to both fields duplicating the logic + overhead, this way it's
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// only validated once.
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//
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// NOTE: you may ask why wouldn't I just do this outside of validator, because doing this way
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// hooks right into validator and you can combine with validation tags and still have a
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// common error output format.
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func UserStructLevelValidation(sl validator.StructLevel) {
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user := sl.Current().Interface().(User)
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if len(user.FirstName) == 0 && len(user.LastName) == 0 {
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sl.ReportError(user.FirstName, "FirstName", "fname", "fnameorlname", "")
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sl.ReportError(user.LastName, "LastName", "lname", "fnameorlname", "")
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}
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// plus can to more, even with different tag than "fnameorlname"
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}
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```
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Benchmarks
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------
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###### Run on MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Late 2013) 2.6 GHz Intel Core i7 16 GB 1600 MHz DDR3 using Go version go1.7 darwin/amd64
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```go
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BenchmarkFieldSuccess-8 20000000 108 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldSuccessParallel-8 50000000 35.7 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldFailure-8 5000000 320 ns/op 192 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldFailureParallel-8 20000000 113 ns/op 192 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldDiveSuccess-8 2000000 726 ns/op 201 B/op 11 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldDiveSuccessParallel-8 10000000 263 ns/op 201 B/op 11 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldDiveFailure-8 2000000 939 ns/op 396 B/op 16 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldDiveFailureParallel-8 5000000 382 ns/op 397 B/op 16 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldCustomTypeSuccess-8 5000000 268 ns/op 32 B/op 2 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldCustomTypeSuccessParallel-8 20000000 87.8 ns/op 32 B/op 2 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldCustomTypeFailure-8 5000000 310 ns/op 192 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldCustomTypeFailureParallel-8 20000000 131 ns/op 192 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldOrTagSuccess-8 2000000 889 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldOrTagSuccessParallel-8 5000000 418 ns/op 16 B/op 1 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldOrTagFailure-8 3000000 546 ns/op 208 B/op 5 allocs/op
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BenchmarkFieldOrTagFailureParallel-8 3000000 450 ns/op 208 B/op 5 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructLevelValidationSuccess-8 5000000 336 ns/op 32 B/op 2 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructLevelValidationSuccessParallel-8 20000000 123 ns/op 32 B/op 2 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructLevelValidationFailure-8 2000000 611 ns/op 288 B/op 8 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructLevelValidationFailureParallel-8 5000000 298 ns/op 288 B/op 8 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCustomTypeSuccess-8 2000000 555 ns/op 32 B/op 2 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCustomTypeSuccessParallel-8 10000000 197 ns/op 32 B/op 2 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCustomTypeFailure-8 2000000 811 ns/op 392 B/op 9 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCustomTypeFailureParallel-8 5000000 370 ns/op 408 B/op 10 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructPartialSuccess-8 2000000 676 ns/op 256 B/op 6 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructPartialSuccessParallel-8 5000000 301 ns/op 256 B/op 6 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructPartialFailure-8 1000000 1001 ns/op 464 B/op 11 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructPartialFailureParallel-8 3000000 436 ns/op 464 B/op 11 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructExceptSuccess-8 1000000 1038 ns/op 480 B/op 12 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructExceptSuccessParallel-8 10000000 281 ns/op 240 B/op 5 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructExceptFailure-8 2000000 863 ns/op 448 B/op 10 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructExceptFailureParallel-8 3000000 379 ns/op 448 B/op 10 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossFieldSuccess-8 3000000 549 ns/op 72 B/op 3 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossFieldSuccessParallel-8 10000000 192 ns/op 72 B/op 3 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossFieldFailure-8 2000000 783 ns/op 288 B/op 8 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossFieldFailureParallel-8 5000000 296 ns/op 288 B/op 8 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossStructCrossFieldSuccess-8 2000000 837 ns/op 80 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossStructCrossFieldSuccessParallel-8 5000000 284 ns/op 80 B/op 4 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossStructCrossFieldFailure-8 1000000 1110 ns/op 304 B/op 9 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleCrossStructCrossFieldFailureParallel-8 3000000 416 ns/op 304 B/op 9 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleSuccess-8 5000000 380 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleSuccessParallel-8 20000000 114 ns/op 0 B/op 0 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleFailure-8 2000000 760 ns/op 392 B/op 9 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructSimpleFailureParallel-8 5000000 353 ns/op 392 B/op 9 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructComplexSuccess-8 1000000 2100 ns/op 128 B/op 8 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructComplexSuccessParallel-8 2000000 662 ns/op 128 B/op 8 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructComplexFailure-8 200000 5080 ns/op 2833 B/op 53 allocs/op
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BenchmarkStructComplexFailureParallel-8 1000000 2159 ns/op 2833 B/op 53 allocs/op
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```
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Complimentary Software
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----------------------
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Here is a list of software that compliments using this library either pre or post validation.
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* [form](https://github.com/go-playground/form) - Decodes url.Values into Go value(s) and Encodes Go value(s) into url.Values. Dual Array and Full map support.
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* [Conform](https://github.com/leebenson/conform) - Trims, sanitizes & scrubs data based on struct tags.
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How to Contribute
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------
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Make a pull request...
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License
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------
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Distributed under MIT License, please see license file in code for more details.
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